Realization of semiconducting layered multiferroic heterojunctions via asymmetrical magnetoelectric coupling

Abstract

Two-dimensional (2D) semiconducting multiferroics that can effectively couple magnetic and polarization (P) orders have great interest for both fundamental research and technological applications in nanoscale, which are, however, rare in nature. In this paper, we propose a general mechanism to realize semiconducting 2D multiferroics via van der Waals (vdW) heterojunction engineering, as demonstrated in a typical heterostructure consisting of magnetic bilayer CrI3(bi-CrI3) and ferroelectric monolayer In2Se3. Interestingly, the novel indirect orbital coupling between Se4p and Cr3d orbitals, intermediated by the interfacial I5p orbitals, is switchable in the opposite P configurations, resulting in an unexpected mechanism of strong asymmetrical magnetoelectric coupling. Therefore, along with the noticeable ferroelectric energy barrier induced by In2Se3, the realization of opposite magnetic orders in opposite P configurations can eventually result in the novel multiferroicity in bi−CrI3/In2Se3. Finally, we demonstrate that our mechanism can generally be applied to design other vdW multiferroics even with tunable layer thickness.